INDIA in 2015 became the fastest growing economy in
the world after China after change in the methodology for calculating real-gross
domestic-product, but its high inflation (due to supply-side problems and slow trade-liberalization)
and high nominal interest rate has put brakes on demand-supply, employment and achieving
potential economic growth-rate... Higher growth-rate is important for higher
demand, investment, and profits/wages with price-stability and full-employment.
Monetary-policy is a supply-side tool, but it also increases demand in the
economy by the way of increasing employment, but, again not after
full-employment... Full-employment means we have reached our limits and there
is a scarcity of labour within the economy, and supply cannot be increased with
domestic labour and prices or inflation start rising... This can be called the
labour supply-side problems with structural-factors like education, skills and
productivity... In this situation if we want demand-supply and growth without
increasing inflation we need external supplies or the international-trade
without which the economy will only feel overheating and loss in the value of
money and demand... External sector is as important as the domestic sector in
fulfilling demand, increasing welfare and achieving higher-growth rate... If trade-liberalization
does not reduce domestic employment and help lower prices and interest rates,
it should be promoted, because that might eventually help us achieve full-employment
and full growth... The point is that if we have achieved full-employment,
trade-liberalization will also help achieve price-stability... More supply and
lower prices are important for lower interest-rate, high investment and high
economic-growth...
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